15 inches, and the golf ball bounced 26 inches. This is why it h2will be from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. Balls bounce differently on different axes. When the temperature is below 68 degrees, the ball will bounce less. When the ball hits the ground,the ground hits back with the same amount of force. Take your class outside, to an area with a smooth, flat surface. Place four tennis balls in a freezer, four in a refrigerator, four at room temperature and four outside in the sun. The children were oblivious to these . Most experiments investigate the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable. . Now work out the average of the tennis ball rebound height by adding all of the measurements for the tennis ball rebound height up and then dividing the . Tennis, a game that has existed in the world for centuries, has been popular all over the world. C. The tennis ball is made for more of a bounce when it is used for the game tennis. External factors, i.e. This would provide evidence on how the height from which the ball is dropped from affects the height to which it bounces without air resistance. What factors affect the bounce height of a ball? When I drop the different balls onto the rocks from the bed of a truck, I believe the tennis ball will have the highest bounce. A ball that is dropped in air however is subjected to air resistance which affects the height to which it bounces. Launch Related Video : The Hawk Factor. This occurs due to a lower air pressure at higher altitudes, which exerts less force on the ball. Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. If a ball reaches terminal velocity at 20cm from the floor when dropped from 2m, it will reach terminal velocity at 10cm from the floor when dropped from 1.9m. Hypothesis: if different balls are bounced on different surfaces, then a rubber ball would bounce the highest on a hard, smooth concrete surface because a rubber ball is well-inflated and made of rubber which would give it more kinetic energy and less air resistance. Such an impact compresses the ball 1.4-1.6 inches, or about 54-62% of its diameter. h1and h2are from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. The maximum height will have to be less than two meters as that is the maximum height that the equipment allows. If the KE is the same as they hit the ground the energy stored in the ball as elastic potential energy will be the same also. If you're playing under 68 degrees, it's a good idea to make sure the ball doesn't bounce too much. Then when it bounces up, it returns to its original shape. A ball bounces in an arc, so measure the height at the top of the arc of the first bounce. The balls finish up with the same amount of energy and the only energy given out is thermal energy. The higher the ball goes, the more GPE it ends up with. All rights reserved. This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. This is correct unless the ball shows signs of reaching terminal velocity. Either the coefficient to restitution that was worked out is incorrect, which would mean that the first three results are inaccurate or subsequent results were inaccurate. Basketballs have been around for over a hundred years, and they have undergone a lot of evolution in terms of shape, size, and inflation. This is the reason we put in our hypothesis that a Taking an average of several results creates a measurement in the middle of the variation created by the experiment, which is the result that is closest to the height that would be recorded for the balls bounce if it were measured in an experiment that was totally accurate. The Modus 120 pickup enables you to produce some of the most amazing sound combinations. This means that the faster that the ball travels the larger the force of air resistance upon it. present. This is because it is the easiest and quickest variable to alter. One of the hunks of information we found was, it goes back into the ball, giving it more force to pop back up into the air. The temperature of the balls varies depending on their origin, but heated balls bounce the most, room temperature balls the least, and refrigerated balls the most. Our Experts won't do the work for you, but they will make suggestions, offer guidance, and help you troubleshoot. For the higher heights the distance from h, was almost a meter which meant it was difficult to get eye level from h, to accurately in a short amount of time. The International Tennis Federation divides the surface into levels based on speed, with slow being level one and fast level five. I will drop the ball 3 Tennis balls should ideally be kept at temperatures greater than 68 degrees Fahrenheit or 20 degrees Celsius. KE = 1/2mv where m = mass and v = velocity, 1/2mv = mhg - thermal energy (lost as a result of drag). Averages are more reliable than using one result as they take into account variation between results. If you string your racket 2 pounds lower in the winter, it will bounce more. This is impossible. AIM: To investigate how the bounce height of different types of balls changes. Two different types of balls, Penn Championship and Non-Championship will be compared. Removing the maximum and minimum results and taking an average of the middle three results also provided more accurate results. When the ball deforms, its molecules are stretched apart in some places and squeezed together in others. [accessed August 4, 2006]. Science Buddies Staff. High bounce ball 2. Also the mass of the ball affects the chances of the ball reaching its terminal velocity. The temperature of a tennis ball can affect its bounce height. The steel has a lot of bounce power due to its better storage of energy. This experiment would provide me with more results that are relevant to the experiment that I have already conducted. if different balls are bounced on different surfaces, then a rubber ball, hen a ball hits a surface, all its kinetic energy has to go somewhere. Graph 1. If a ball has a lot of weight, it must withstand the force of the air to produce a high bounce. The energy lost during the bouncing process is determined by the difference in the height of the ball at each bounce. The same square of tiling will be used throughout the experiment so that inconsistencies between different floor tiles do not affect results. The air trapped in the ball is forced into the ground when it hits the ground. This will be repeated five times, possibly more (for accuracy), for each height and the top and bottom results will be discounted. Because of this, a fully inflated ball may look deflated if the temperature drops quickly. September 28, 2022 by George Jackson. The Physics of Grass, Clay, and Cement. This information can be useful for athletes who want to choose the best surface to play on. This would allow the actual coefficient to restitution to be calculated. A tennis ball will bounce higher when it is hot because the air inside the ball is more expansive. When a bouncing ball falls, it initially gains speed or kinetic energythe energy of motion. There are more than 160 different types of tennis surfaces. The energy chain is as follows: Therefore as energy cannot be created or destroyed the energy the ball starts with must be directly proportional to the energy the ball finishes with, at the top of its bounce, and so if the ball starts with more energy it must therefore finish with more. During the preliminary experiment it was established that time was not an important factor that had to be taken into account when deciding how many different heights to drop the ball from and the interval between those heights. We use cookies and those of third party providers to deliver the best possible web experience and to compile statistics. How does the material of a ball affect its bounce? But how does concrete . Keep releasing pressure and repeating the experiment until the ball no longer bounces. Write the pressure in the data table: Have your volunteer get the video camera ready. The mass of the ball will affect the height the ball bounces to because it affects the balls starting energy. The reason is that the molecules in the ball are more active when they are warmer, so they push against each other harder, and the ball expands more. You may print and distribute up to 200 copies of this document annually, at no charge, for personal and classroom educational use. Decide on a height you want to drop the balls from . are from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. Therefore of the GPE that the ball possessed at the beginning some energy is given off as thermal energy. "Under Pressure: Ball Bouncing Dynamics.". As a result, the ball is lifted in this manner. Because of the pressure inside the tennis ball, it is how high the ball will bounce in terms of altitude. These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. old and new tennis balls (different surface textures/ages). Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. It does not store any personal data. Click the "Experiment" button to find out! Masses of tennis balls range between 56.0 and 59.4 grams (2011). . Once the ball hits the ground, its displacement is momentarily zero. energy a surface absorbs, the more of it will remain for a ball to bounce. Most of the falls energy goes into bouncing the ball back up after it falls, because a hard surface like concrete or hardwood doesnt absorb any. A decrease in m, assuming g and h1stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h1which results in a decrease in GPE. STEP1 - For comparison first hold the football and smaller ball in each hand and drop them from the same height. Do five drops on your first surface. This experiment requires a ball that will bounce and a meter stick or other measuring device. Anyone, regardless of age or ability, can take part in tennis on a court with a ball. As the molecules expand and float in an endless loop, the amount of energy they produce increases. An alternative method would be the measuring person holding a video camera level with the approximate height that the ball reaches after bouncing and videoing the ball reach the top of its arc. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. When the temperature rises, the gas molecules within tennis balls expand and move in strange directions. We then bounced the balls on the surfaces and The more KE the ball leaves the floor with the longer it takes to stop due to the force of gravity and return back to the floor again. I used a Flexible measuring tape to measure what the height was. The variation between results was obtained by taking the minimum result away from the maximum result. 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