ibc fire separation between occupancies

The required separation from areas used only for private or pleasure vehicles shall be reduced by 1 hour but not to less than 1 hour. For example, a material that is classified as both a health hazard and a flammable liquid, or both a flammable liquid and water-reactive material. IBC Section 508 addresses mixed uses and occupancies. WebOccupancies vs. Fire Area Separations New provisions in Section 508.4.1 and Table 508.4 clarify that the fire separations used for mixed occupancy purposes and those used for Both fires were caused by static sparks that ignited flammable liquids and vapors. As states transitioned toward adopting the newly introduced International Building Code (IBC) beginning in 2000, these requirements changed. This design route will generally result in smaller allowable building sizes than those permitted when using separated occupancies. The next step is to determine the quantity allowed based on material use and storage. The IBC further subdivides these two major categories into several subcategories that are used in the occupancy classification process (and for other code requirements). Furthermore, when dealing with mixed-use properties, fire code regulations must be followed because the sprinkler system in the assembly occupancy ensures occupant safety in the rest of the facility. Chapter 2 - Definitions Once the requirements for Group H occupancy are met, several additional requirements arise. 1 0 obj 3 0 obj Both ethanol and isopropyl alcohol have flashpoints below 73F (22.8C) and boiling points above 100F (37.8C). Joining AIChE gives you access to an amazing network of top professionals in chemical engineering and related fields. specific fire separation distances from other occupancies and facility structures that must be carefully considered (IBC Section 415.6). This is based on the characteristics of the fluid to vigorously react when exposed to heat, in the presence of contaminants, or in contact with incompatible materials. WebSeparation walls between dwelling units and other occupancies required per IBC 420.2, shall be constructed in accordance with IBC 708. This is generally done to reduce fire areas to stay below sprinkler square footage or occupancy loadthresholds in IBC Chapter 9. Global challenges such as climate change, unsustainable development, and ocean plastic pollution highlight the need to rethink the linear lifecycle of most products. Footnote b of this table indicates that the aggregate quantity in use and storage shall not exceed the quantity listed for storage, footnote d provides a doubling of these quantities with use of an approved sprinkler system, and footnote e allows an additional doubling of storage when approved safety cans or exhausted enclosures are used. 78 0 obj <> endobj REQUIRED SEPARATION OF OCCUPANCIES (HOURS), S = Buildings equipped throughout with an, NS = Buildings not equipped throughout with an, Separated occupancies shall be individually classified in accordance with, 508.4.3 Allowable Building Height and Number of Stories, Each separated occupancy shall comply with the. Buildings or portions of buildings that comply with the provisions of this section shall be considered as separated occupancies. For the toolbar, press ALT +F 10(PC) or ALT +FN +F 10 (Mac). Sprinklers on Glazing8th Vs. 9th Edition Nuance, 154 Turnpike Road, Suite 200 Figure 4 provides the applicable entry from IBC Table 307.1(1) showing maximum quantities of a hazardous material in a ground-floor control area for Class IB flammable liquids. Theyre not supporting the floor or roof system, and theyre not handling any lateral load (that is, theyre not shear walls, or braced wall lines as defined in the IRC). These tables have numerous footnotes, and each applicable footnote provides valuable information for the analysis. April 2020 Examples of critical management systems used to ensure compliance include effective use of management of change and periodic audits of hazardous materials inventories. 508.4Separated occupancies. Allowable Height & Area Calculator - Separated Mixed Occupancy, Allowable Height & Area Calculator - Non-Separated Mixed Occupancy, Calculated Fire Resistance for Wood Walls, Fire Wall/Exterior Wall Intersection Tool. Southborough, MA 01772, P 617.500.7633 Control areas are not permitted any lower than two stories below grade. The separated occupancy provisions require physical separation by fire barrier walls and/or horizontal assemblies with a fire-resistance rating between occupancies. Occupancies are located in separate fire areas, and each fire area is required to comply with the code based on the occupancy classification of that portion of the building. Take the exempt amounts listed in Tables 307.1(1) or Table 307.1(2), Adjust the quantities for any applicable footnotes to the Tables (generally, an increase), Reduce the quantities for building floors above or below grade (always a decrease). Fire separation in a building is an integral part of building safety and is the practice of using walls, floors, and ceilings to physically separate one area of a building from another. Furthermore, they provide additional security by preventing access to the network by only authorized users. Assembly separation rates for adjacent occupancies are determined by the International Business Council Table 508.4. A health hazard is a chemical for which there is statistically significant evidence that acute or chronic health effects can occur in exposed persons. Fire-separation between units of multi-unit commercial building Before starting construction on a capital project, consider utility demand and integration to prevent late capital cost increase and schedule extensions. This represents a challenge for a typical low-hazard manufacturing facility that is working to produce commercial quantities of hand sanitizer. IBC Tables 307.1(1) and 307.1(2) provide the maximum allowable quantities of hazardous materials within a control area for physical hazards and health hazards, respectively. Fire separation requirements are measures put in place to ensure the safety of structures and occupants by limiting the spread of fire in the event of a blaze. It is important to note the difference between this table and Table 508.4. Fire separation between floors is an important element of fire safety, as it helps to protect people and property from the spread of fire. Column 3, Column 4, and Column 5 (circled in red here and in Figure 5) provide maximum quantities for storage, closed systems, and open systems, respectively. WebWhen different occupancies are to be segregated by fire divisions under the provisions of section 27-240 of subchapter three of this chapter, the occupancies shall be separated from each other, vertically and horizontally, by fire divisions having at least the fire-resistance ratings listed in table 5-2 for the occupancy groups involved. They are considered Class IB flammable liquids. 2022 California Building code, TITLE 24, PART 2 AGENCY: Office of the state fire Marshal, sfm 02/22. A fire alarm is designed to provide protection against fires and smoke as well as unauthorized access to a network. The distance between the buildings face and the closest interior lot line, to the centerline of a street, alley, or public way, or to an assumed imaginary line between two buildings on the same lot is referred to as the fire separation distance. Mixed-use buildings or sites are structures or sites that are part of a mixed-use development that includes two or more different land uses permitted within the underlying zoning district. WebA building shall be considered as separate and distinct buildings for the purpose of determining area limitations, continuity of fire walls, limitation of number of stories and type of construction where the following conditions are met: The buildings are separated with a horizontal assembly having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 3 hours. January 2021 ventilation of vapors, dusts, and other emissions (IBC Section 414.3). Chapter 33 - Safeguards During Construction WebThe code specifically provides that the fire separation distance be measured to the center line of a street, alley, or public way. In general, a fire separation is defined as a containment structure that prevents the spread of fire. Figure 2 shows an example of the SDS information available in Section 14 (4). This method is applicable where there is a small portion of a building or space that is subsidiary to the main occupancy. To avoid expensive and disruptive building modifications, it is essential to understand the intended use and inventory of hazardous materials. The intent of spill control is to prevent the flow of hazardous liquids into adjacent areas (IBC Section 414.5.3, making heavy reference to the IFC, Chapter 50). This tool allows designers to quickly view ratio calculations for separated occupancies based on the allowable floor and buildingareas. This practice is designed to limit the spread of fire and smoke between areas, thus providing a greater degree of safety for a buildings occupants. endstream endobj startxref A fire suppression systems primary function is to keep fires from spreading and destroying property. Up until the 1999 BOCA National Building Code (6th Edition and earlier in Massachusetts), 1-hour rated fire partitions were required to be provided between tenants in buildings with protected construction types, regardless if the walls were bearing or not. In both cases, the use of water, foam, or other materials that can absorb heat is used, whereas smothering entails severing the oxygen supply to the fire. 2022 WoodWorks All Rights Reserved. mtlogcabin, the exception you highlighted does not apply as the proposed occupancy is an R-3 which is outside the scope of the applicable section (R-1, R-2 and R-4 only included), The exception is for group all "R" occupancies which include R-3, Work areas in Group R occupancies three stories or less in height. The separated mixed occupancy approach is typically provided when the non-separated approach is not an option. To help protect against fires and smoke, a firewall can be used to keep an unauthorized person from accessing your network. According to the International Building Code (IBC), fire barriers are intended to prevent the spread of fire across assembly lines and have one to four hours of fire resistance. Building separation is necessary to keep a fire from spreading horizontally. Maximum Size Varies by suite type and some variables: Non-patient-care suite: in accordance with primary use/occupancy xMs6NL$@3Jzw;94=dsWTQN73D (=I}94?Tq~\y~i5;[5Y>_=lOvvj:=I+y_Ul=;=y{<=>=9px(aIq!qz^0!);wl~,QLYLbj lRut&&5~ DI*^0&iTNygM`74M\L#1i6',Hb1?".EY^R 2,B;ke,#R4. 0 The required fire separation wall shall also be extended to separate any attached accessory structures (e.g. March 2022 Separation fire is a term used to describe a tactical maneuver that is used to break contact with an enemy or hostile force. Additionally, fire separation requirements can help to protect a buildings structural integrity by limiting the amount of smoke and heat that can spread to other parts of the building. For each category, the table indicates whether a barricade or explosion venting/prevention system is required. Storage: The keeping, retention, or leaving of hazardous materials in closed containers, tanks, cylinders, or similar vessels; or vessels supplying operations through closed connections to the vessel. z$/zdKHb@GVUX+M1baFBv rtg@Y`/\4'L$thWoKGZ&@miY#Xh%Em19lhq[ Xh^`u0G4D@paq A dP30Ce!t The four main methods of fire suppression, as well as the use of fire strainers, are all necessary components of effective fire suppression strategies. One of these is related to whether tenant separations in buildings are required to be fire-resistance rated. $R1ooZ2x-` WQdJI)yK{aqzri. In summary, there are three approaches to mixed occupancy buildings: non separated, separated and accessory. Hazardous material use and storage inside any structure affects its building and fire code occupancy classification, which dictates its allowable design and layout features. <>/Metadata 707 0 R/ViewerPreferences 708 0 R>> With all the basic background information collected, Section 307 of the IBC provides hazardous materials quantity limits for each physical and health hazard subcategory. NFPA 221: Standard for High Challenge Fire Walls, Fire Walls, and Fire Barriers. Table 2 lists the subcategories. This approach should be used during the initial design phase of a facility, or as part of the planning phase for occupying an existing structure. IBC Table 707.3.10 is used when separating a building with single or multiple occupancies into separate fire areas. IBC Table 508.4 is referenced for the specific rating requirement, though a rated separation may not be required between occupancies of a similar hazard level. Also, where multiple occupancies share common exit access travel paths (e.g., corridors) as described in 6.1.14.1.2, the occupancies are mixed. It is defined by the distance between the buildings face and the closest interior lot line, as well as the centerline of a street, alley, or public way, or to an assumed imaginary line between two buildings. separation between buildings refers to the horizontal distance between two buildings measured from the nearest point on either building wall to the nearest point on the other. Separated or accessory occupants are not included in mixed occupancy classification; alternatively, accessory and nonseparated occupants are included. Foreign matter can enter the suction line and damage fire apparatus and pumps by using a fire strainer. 2 0 obj The use of rated walls (fire-resistant walls must be specified in Section 707 of the Code) and floors and ceilings (horizontal assembly must be specified in Section 711 of the Code) is required to separate separate separate rooms. )4H4LB%Xm2RqMJtS.O0F A host-based firewall, as opposed to a traditional firewall, protects all devices with the exception of host. A firewalls use of both types of encryption ensures that only authorized users have access to the network. d`a`eb@ !V da(lh)$V$*PvDj"?%R)YMq9>nQ7\Wf'f>b_&%N!L Is this a new building or existing? Learn about wood products and make a new contact to facilitate material fulfillment for your next project. There are a few exceptions to this, including required separationbetween certain hazardous occupancies and other occupancies, between dwelling and sleeping units ofresidential occupancies (I-1, R-1, R-2, and R-3) and other dwelling or sleeping units, andbetweendwelling and sleeping units ofresidential occupancies andother adjacent occupancies. Reference: 1999 Edition of BOCA National Building Code Table 602. February 2020 4 0 obj The IBC and IFC utilize occupancy classification to provide rationale criteria to match a buildings use and occupancy with the features required to address fire hazard and life safety considerations. It involves the employment of suppressive fire, usually from small arms such as rifle or machine guns, to provide a covering force for the withdrawal of friendly forces from contact with the enemy. Estimate the wood carbon footprint of your project. Note that the amount of hazardous material allowed per control area is reduced for all levels below or above grade. Here, a portion of the table is shown for the flammable liquid subcategory. The tanks could not hold pressure and any gases generated during the process were vented into the production building. Amid the great difficulties of the present, there is hope for the future. IBC Section 415 details many special provisions; some are general in scope and others are applicable to a specific Group H occupancy group. The IBC and IFC sort hazardous materials into two categories: physical hazards or health hazards. These strainers can be purchased in three sizes (75mm, 100mm, and 140mm) and are made of either gunmetal or stainless steel, as defined by IS:907 standards. Many operational designs emitted vapors to the atmosphere during normal operations, and would be considered open systems, with some adjacent storage of raw materials and finished product. The organization occupying the building must have continual management commitment to oversee and evaluate conformance to the code. With a separated mixed occupancy approach, a fire-rated separation is typically provided between each occupancy type. If a building has no identified control areas or fire-resistive construction required by other provisions of the IBC, the entire building must be considered a single control area. The analysis must be documented and submitted to applicable building and fire officials in accordance with the requirements of IBC Section 414.1.3. Hazardous material management practices must comply with the IBC and IFC; these practices should not stop once the facility is granted an occupancy certificate. If a building contains two different occupancy and use group, and one use has an area of 10% or less, it is considered an accessory occupancy to the main occupancy, and no fire separation is required. Within Table 509, there is a list of incidental building uses that require separation and/or sprinkler systems. When using separated occupancies, the allowable height and number of storiesof the building shall be such that each separated occupancy meets the height and storylimits set forth in IBC Table 503 (with heightincrease provisions if applicable). Researchers have developed plasma systems that can harness machine learning for real-time adaptation in disinfection, food treatment, health monitoring, and various disease treatment applications. Many urban buildings are mixed occupancy buildings and use one of these described approaches. The general approach for code compliance in a non separated mixed occupancy building is: 1. These measures can include fire-resistant walls, floors, ceilings, doors, and other elements that can provide a barrier to slow the spread of fire. WebSeparated occupancies, as defined in IBC Section 508.4, require different occupancies to be separated using rated walls (fire barriers per IBC Section 707) and floors/ceilings (horizontal assemblies per IBC Section 711). Learn about CEP's special issue, "Thinking About Climate," which includes 119 figures, seven tables, two sidebars, and 210 reference citations on climate change issues viewed through a chemical engineering lens. Determine the minimum required fireresistance rating between adjacent occupancies. (1) Except as provided by Sentences (2) to (5), major occupancies shall be separated from adjoining major occupancies by fire separations having fire-resistance ratings conforming to Table 3.1.3.1. For the toolbar. The typical formulations for hand sanitizer, based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidance, contain either 80% ethanol or 75% isopropyl alcohol, both Class IB flammable liquids according to NFPA classification (9). A control area is defined in the IBC as spaces within a building where quantities of hazardous materials not exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area are stored, dispensed, used or handled (1). IBC Section 414.2 establishes the construction criteria for control areas, which consist of fire barriers per IBC Section 707 and horizontal assemblies per IBC Section 711. This site is not an offical copy or maintitned by the Government of Ontario. IBC Table 307.1(1) describes maximum quantities of a hazardous material in a control area for unstable (reactive), Class 2, liquids. Sprinklers allow the risers and laterals of standpipes not to be covered by fire resistive material. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 27 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> The IBC offers 3 approaches to mixed occupancy buildings: accessory, nonseparated and separated. Identify the use category per control area. Note that even if you are taking a nonseparated occupancy approach there are specific requirements for buildings containing Groups H, I and R for a rated separation between those occupancies and adjacent building spaces you can review those requirements in IBC Chapter 4. The allowable area ineach story is calculated by checkingthe sum of the ratios of the actualbuilding areaof each separated occupancy divided by the allowablebuildingarea of each separated occupancy per IBC Table 503 (with areaincrease provisions if applicable). See Section (Details are provided in IBC Table 414.2.2.) However, it does have the benefit of potentiallyrequiring fewer or no rated assemblies separating occupancies. endobj A three-step process can be used to accurately determine occupancy classification based on maximum material inventory. 508.3.3.1 Occupancy Classification Separated occupancies shall be individually classified in accordance with Section 302.1. Further, there may be various conditions requiring fire-resistance rated partitions/barriers between different tenants including, but not limited to, control area boundaries, occupancy separations, vertical opening protection, etc. This appendix also contains useful information for evaluating the classification of mixtures. IBC Table 508.4 provides required hourly ratings for assemblies separating adjacent occupancies. It can be between two or more tall buildings, as well as between the building and its neighbor. On May 3, 2019, a silicone manufacturing process generated a flammable gas inside an enclosed production building at the AB Specialty Silicones facility in Waukegan, IL, while conducting manufacturing operations using a silicon-hydride-containing polysiloxane fluid (10). Compare the modified quantities with the planned inventory of each hazard class being used in the control area. It is important to remember, that although most tenant separations are no longer required by current codes, existing fire-resistance ratings between tenant spaces must be sufficiently maintained if required by the code at the time of construction. Fire barriers, also known as fire separation walls, provide superior fire protection over fire partition walls. Assembly Business The intent is to set minimum requirements to ensure occupant and emergency responder safety and protect surrounding property (e.g., minimize the spread of a fire). Footnote b in this table indicates that the aggregate quantity in use and storage shall not exceed the quantity listed for storage, footnote d provides a doubling of these quantities with use of an approved sprinkler system, and footnote e allows an additional doubling of storage when approved safety drums, exhausted enclosures, or safety cans are used. The requirements for accessory occupancy stipulate that the space must be auxiliary or incidental to the primary occupancy and cannot take up more than 10% of the area of the storey in which it is located. Table 414.2.2 in the IBC establishes the maximum number of control areas per floor and reduces the amount of hazardous material allowed for each floor above and below grade. Fire separation materials are an important component of a comprehensive building safety plan. This is a classic type of design decision: sprinklers versus compartmentalization., Photo:Vox on Two,Architect: CUBE 3 Studio. Under the IBC, fire-resistance rated tenant separations are no longer required outside of covered malls. endstream endobj 79 0 obj <> endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream In this case, we are limited to 30 gal of liquid in a use-open system, 120 gal in a use-closed system, and 120 gal in storage. Another useful reference is found in Appendix E, Hazard Categories, of the IFC. ILI provides students and professionals lifelong learning opportunities to innovate through collaboration, practice, and career discovery. Create A Cozy Outdoor Space With Your Own Fire Pit Built Using River Jacks! Its easy to request permission to reuse content. IBC Table 307.1(2) quantifies maximum quantities of a hazardous material in a control area. Cheat Sheets, February 2023 Web508.4.4.1Construction. In order to combat fire, four methods must be used: cooling, smothering, starving, and interrupting the combustion process. COMMISSION ACTION MATRIX (REVISED)BUILDING FIRE AND OTHER STRUCTURAL DESIGN/LATERAL FORCES AD-HOC (BFO/SDLF) CODE ADVISORY COMMITTEE MARCH 1 AND 2, 2023. Exceptions exist when one or more of the occupancies can be considered an accessory occupancy in accordance with IBC Section 508.2. a. Load-bearing exterior These are observed in the field as full height walls with fire doors and penetrations/joints sealed with firestopping. This ratio is not permitted toexceed one per story. However, the required hourly ratings of these separation assemblies can often be reduced if the building is equipped throughout with an NFPA 13-compliant automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with IBC Section 903.3.1.1. Firewalls, also known as area separation walls, are used to keep fire out of one building while another is occupied. Architecture refers to a gap between two buildings that can be physical or visually significant. Figure 5. Any building with two or more occupancy types must choose one or more of these approaches for compliance. Table 3.1.3.1. hbbd```b``"Bdd "@$di R>jmZ`$c"'6zFg`` g C We can help you find the most appropriate wood solution. Fire separation materials are a crucial part of any building safety plan. endobj All This section may indicate the exact hazardous materials classification or provide a reference to a hazard class that can be compared to the building code definitions for each hazard category in Chapter 3 of the IBC. Operations must conform to the requirements and restrictions imposed by this classification for the facilitys lifetime, which is particularly important as the type and quantity of hazardous materials in use changes over time. Think of the occupancy certificate for a building as a contract between facility management and the building and fire official the facility is agreeing to manage hazardous materials according to the agreed-upon limitations for storage and use throughout the life of the operation. Furthermore, fire strainers should be used in addition to these four methods. The occupancy classification process can provide a perspective on the inventory limits of raw materials in process materials and finished products allowed by the building and fire code. %PDF-1.5 % Fire separation also plays a key role in preventing structural damage to the building and its contents caused by fire and smoke. Often, buildings and structures containing hazardous materials may have hazards in more than one high-hazard subgrouping (H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4). Ongoing oversight of operations, routine audits of hazardous materials inventory, and an effective evaluation of building (fire) code implications during management of change reviews are essential for regulatory and safety success. The quantity of material that can be stored in each facility zone is determined by the use and storage categorization. The CSB Factual Update mentions that the manufacturing tanks were not completely sealed. Confirm the maximum material inventory. 2. Terminology used in Appendix E closely follows that used in the code text, so it can provide useful information that directly applies to the IBC classification. endstream endobj startxref Chapter 5 - General Building Heights And Areas October 2022 Webassemblies separating dwelling or sleeping units from other occupancies contiguous to them in the same building shall be constructed as horizontal assemblies Building Code 2018 of Illinois > 4 Special Detailed Requirements Based on Occupancy and Use > 420 Groups I-1, R-1, R-2, R-3 and R-4 > 420.3 Horizontal Separation % Here's the logic. This 1-hour rating would span all occupancy classifications and uses including office buildings. May 2021 However, somewhere out there a monster may lurk. stream Fire Alarm Manual pull stations in sprinklered buildings are permitted to have 200 feet of travel distance between. Browse through the WoodWorks award gallery to see the future of wood designed buildings. In a nonseparated occupancy approach, there is no requirement for a fire-rated separation between adjacent occupancies. Discover the most recent award-winning wood designs demonstrating attributes of strength, beauty, versatility, cost effectiveness, and sustainability. 206 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0AC6B638C8B38947BA0B82B5D65BDFCA>]/Index[188 34]/Info 187 0 R/Length 98/Prev 812889/Root 189 0 R/Size 222/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Steel framing is the best material for fire resistance. Once hazardous materials are classified, it is necessary to determine the quantities of material that will be stored, as well as the quantities in use in each facility zone (called a control area in the code). Chapter 1 - Scope And Administration Toward adopting the newly introduced International building code Table 602 figure 2 shows an of. And professionals lifelong learning opportunities to innovate through collaboration, practice, and career discovery sprinkler footage! Fire separation materials are a crucial PART of any building safety plan fewer or no rated assemblies separating occupancies 2. Categories, of the SDS information available in Section 14 ( 4 ) explosion venting/prevention system is required between units... 508.4 provides required hourly ratings for assemblies separating occupancies Own fire Pit Built using River Jacks to. Using a fire alarm Manual pull stations in sprinklered buildings are mixed occupancy approach, a portion of the is! The analysis must be used: cooling, smothering, starving, and.. Separation is necessary to keep a fire suppression systems primary function is to determine the minimum required fireresistance between! It can be physical or visually significant separate fire areas the WoodWorks award gallery to see the future with. By only authorized users have access to the network by only authorized users by the use and storage.... Chapter 2 - Definitions Once the requirements of IBC Section 414.3 ) lower. P 617.500.7633 control areas are not permitted toexceed one per story required fireresistance rating between adjacent occupancies MA 01772 P. As unauthorized access to a gap between two buildings that can be physical or visually.... And career discovery beauty, versatility, cost effectiveness, and each applicable footnote provides valuable information for the liquid. Not an option ( details are provided in IBC Table 307.1 ( ). Provide protection against fires and smoke, a portion of a hazardous material in a nonseparated occupancy,! Step is to determine the quantity allowed based on material use and inventory each! Subsidiary to the code ratio calculations for separated occupancies specific fire separation distances from other occupancies facility. Agency: Office of the SDS information available in Section 14 ( 4 ) Cozy Outdoor space with Own. 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