allan bakke anesthesiologist

Find a doctor near you. He was rejected. March 1 (UPI) -- A pair of dogs ventured out onto the ice of a frozen lake and ended up needing to be rescued by firefighters from two departments. Allan Bakke, MD practices as an Anesthesiologist in Rochester, MN.Allan Bakke, MD graduated from Univ Of Ca, Davis, Sch Of Med, Davis Ca 95616. ), speaking before a Senate committee, all called attention to the careers of the two medical school graduates. To three street thugs, Chavis apparently looked three weeks ago like a random target of opportunity. If you experience technical problems, please write to, Coloring the News: How Crusading for Diversity Has Corrupted American Journalism. The Court might consider a policy of prohibiting racial reparations that lack explicit political authorization and of reviewing authorized reparations to ensure that the racial preferences employed are the least burdensome means of achieving the designated ends. The decision allowed the continued use of race in admissions. Photo by Kevin Lamarque/REUTERS. All Rights Reserved. What became a landmark case, Bakke v. Regents of the Board of the University of California, reached the U.S. Supreme Court, where the school's affirmative action program was struck down in 1978. In 1997, the Medical Board of California suspended Chaviss license, citing his inability to perform some of the most basic duties required of a physician. The board further noted Chavezs insensitivity to patients pain. The 50-year-old Inglewood resident was shot to death by the would-be carjackers as he walked back to his Mercedes-Benz after buying an ice cream cone. He opened his offices in Compton, a largely black and Latino town adjacent to Los Angeles. Thank you. After 20 Years, Bakke Ruling Back in the Spotlight / Foes of college affirmative action want high court to overturn it. Bakke attended the University of Minnesota for his undergraduate studies, deferring tuition costs by joining the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps. The attackers fled without taking the car, leaving Chavis sprawled on the pavement outside a Fosters Freeze in Hawthorne. Dr. Bakke works in Rochester, MN and. Today, Dr. Chavis is a successful ob-gyn in central Los Angeles, making a difference in the lives of scores of poor families.. He served a four-year residency at the Mayo Clinic and was licensed to practice medicine in Minnesota in 1983. In 1973, Allan Bakke, a 33 -year -old W hite person , applied to 12 medical schools, including UC Davis. Medical Board authorities have questioned Chavis mental state, citing a sworn declaration by a psychiatrist who said he may suffer from a [mental] impairment which poses a danger to his patients. Chavis said he was not examined by the psychiatrist, who made his comments based on Medical Board records. Seal pup returned to water after crossing busy New Jersey road. Abigail Fisher, the plaintiff in Fisher v. Texas, speaks outside the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, D.C., Dec. 9, 2015. . . The Chronicle's headline on June 29, 1978, reflected the split ruling: "A Two-Way Decision: The Court Rules for Bakke; Race Can Still Be a Factor." Bakke graduated in 1982 and worked for years as an anesthesiologist in Minnesota. "The University of California took Bakke and drove a Mack truck through it, and that was the cause of its undoing," said Connerly. The court said that, while an applicants race could be used in determining admissions, it could not be the only factor in that decision. Search doctors, conditions, or procedures . The board had access to a tape recording of patients screaming in agony while Chavez humiliated them. While Bakke had become a board-certified anesthesiologist in Minnesota, Dr. He said the schools decision to set aside 16 seats for minority students in a class of 100 discriminated against him as a white man. So far, it looks like the wrong guy with the wrong kind of car in the wrong place, Det. Overall, the case demonstrated the importance of ensuring that all individuals are treated fairly and equally, regardless of their race or ethnicity. The Court ruled that the use of racial quotas in university admissions was unconstitutional, but that affirmative action programs in general were constitutional as long as they did not use strict quotas and were designed to further diversity in education. His failure in this regard, although occurring only with lipectomy patients, is so fundamental that it evidences the inability to safely practice in other areas of medicine.. In what legal experts still describe as "a grand compromise," Justice Lewis Powell came up with the formulation that while Davis' program was unconstitutional, colleges and universities could still use race as one of several factors in their attempts to create a diverse student body. Miller is an emeritus professor of political science, University of Cincinnati, and a distinguished fellow with the Haym Salomon Center. In the past, Chavis allegations of racism have received some support. Besides alleging racism by white hospital administrators, Chavis contends he is the victim of St. Francis Medical Centers jealousy of his popularity with patients, the hospitals aversion to his performing abortions and the hospitals fear of being sued for its own alleged medical mistakes in the care of Chavis patients. After winning his Supreme Court case, Allan Bakke went on to receive a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of California at Davis and complete residency training in anesthesiology at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN (6). The earlier cases on affirmation action are each known by a single name: Bakke, Grutter, Gratz and Fisher. Administrators and students reacted to the Supreme Court decision in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke,, Robert Bork spoke with CBS News about the likely legal legacy of the Supreme Courts decision in Regents of the, In this portion of tapes recorded during his time in the White House, President Nixon discussed the Supreme Courts, House Judiciary Committee Chair Bob Goodlatte (R-VA) was interviewed about C-SPANs Landmark Cases series, which explores, https://ximage.c-spanvideo.org/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJwaWN0dXJlcy5jLXNwYW52aWRlby5vcmciLCJrZXkiOiJGaWxlc1wvODE1XC8yMDE4MDUxMTEyNDYzNDAxMF9oZC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsiZml0IjoiY292ZXIiLCJoZWlnaHQiOjUwNn19fQ==, CBS News interviewed Allan Bakke by phone the day the Supreme Court announced its decision in, 2023 National Cable Satellite Corporation, Reaction to the Bakke Decision at University of California, Davis Medical School, Allan Bakke's Reaction to Supreme Court Decision and Medical School Graduation, Robert Bork on Likely Legal Legacy of Bakke Decision, Regents of the University of California v. Bakke. The five won admission under a special racial-preference quota. DAVIS, Calif. -- Allan Bakke, . Allan Bakke was in his 30s when he applied to the medical school at the University of California, Davis. Lawyers for the University of California, in court filings, said there was no discrimination. The Bollinger in the case was Lee Bollinger, who was sued in his capacity as the universitys then-president. Frustrated that affirmative action survived anyway, Gratz was instrumental in Michigans passage of Proposal 2, which ended race-based preferences in state university admissions. The spokesman said Dr. Chavis was leaving a store and entering his car when three men attempted to take his car and shot him. Affirmative Action had found its Young Lochinvar, a champion to slay the rabble of opposition to a policy that would prevent a hero from making a difference in the lives of the underserved. Please check back weekly to see what we have added. She argued the universitys policy discriminated against her because of race, in violation of the Constitution. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Column: Column: Hydrogen cars should be a bigger part of Californias battle against carbon emissions, Calmes: Heres what we should do about Marjorie Taylor Greene, Biden rallies House Democrats to tout their legislative success to voters, Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass endorses Rep. Barbara Lee in Senate race, Before and after photos from space show storms effect on California reservoirs, Dramatic before and after photos from space show epic snow blanketing SoCal mountains, The chance of a lifetime: Five friends ski the tallest mountain in Los Angeles, Best coffee city in the world? Only seven justices ruled in the case, however, because Justice Antonin Scalia had died and Justice Elena Kagan was recused. It turned out to be an unfortunate example. It was not just Kennedy who was lionizing Dr. Chavis. After graduating from medical school and earning his license to practice medicine, Chavis returned to the disadvantaged area where he had been raised, making his home in Compton and practicing as an obstetrician-gynecologist in Lynwood. That Allan Bakke affirmative action did become a doctor? Offers may be subject to change without notice. A principled position on that issue can be more persuasively and consistently developed by arguing for preferences or against preferences than by seeking to discriminate among racial preferences to justify some kinds and repudiate others. Mr. Bakke, who is now 48 years old, was graduated from Davis in 1982. Warmer storms could cause problems, Dramatic before and after photos from space show epic snow blanketing SoCal mountains, Black residents of Jackson, Miss., decry plans by white-dominated Legislature for more state control, More than a laugh: Kamala Harris is a sound check for a divided country, Student debt is a crisis: Activists rally outside Supreme Court for loan forgiveness, Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass endorses Rep. Barbara Lee in Senate race, Sirhan Sirhan, convicted of killing Robert F. Kennedy, denied parole by California board, Atty. Bakke learned that lesser qualified minorities had been admitted in preference to him and sued the Regents of the University of California. In January, 1976, at age 34, he was stabbed to death in a Phoenix bar. Dr. Patrick Chavis, to his admirers, was not just a successful black doctor: He was a symbol of what was right and just about affirmative action. The Supreme Court agreed and ordered him admitted. the 70s by challenging the univ ersity's raci al quota syste m. He had charged he w as denied admission in favor of minori ty students who s cored Laura on en trance exam s. Ultimately, the . The decision allowed the continued use of race in admissions. At age 35, he decided to go to medical school and applied to the University of California, Davis. 2023 Fortune Media IP Limited. In fact, he is part of an influx of nonspecialists into cosmetic surgery, which has drawn some concern from experts. An administrative law judge found Dr. Chavis guilty of gross negligence and incompetence in the treatment of three women, one of whom died, and the California medical board suspended his license, saying he had an "inability to perform some of the most basic duties required of a physician.". Bakke went on to practice as an anesthesiologist in Rochester, Minn., the state where he was born. As reported by conservative commentators as well as by such newspapers as The Washington Post and the Boston Globe, Dr. Chavis lost his medical license in 1997. LIST YOUR PRACTICE ; Dentist ; Pharmacy ; Search . He charged low rates, his patients say, and let them pay as they could. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Column: Column: Hydrogen cars should be a bigger part of Californias battle against carbon emissions, Calmes: Heres what we should do about Marjorie Taylor Greene, Biden rallies House Democrats to tout their legislative success to voters, Before and after photos from space show storms effect on California reservoirs, Yet more rain expected to hit California in March. A cello player who also participated in math competitions and did volunteer work, she graduated just shy of the top 10% of her class. Greve's firm has similar suits pending against the University of Michigan and the University of Washington Law School. Their son. That is a step we have never approved. COVID origins? The Supreme Court agreed and ordered him admitted. Allan Bakke, a white California man who had twice unsuccessfully applied for admission to the medical school, filed suit against the university. Bakke had a GPA of 3.51 and a 3.45 in the sciences. Five years later, ruling in Bakkes suit, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the schools affirmative action program. Please call Allan Bakke, MD at (507) 255-5123 to schedule an appointment in Rochester, MN or get more information. To this day he refused to make any statements about the case other than saying that it should be judged on its merits. "I have never spoken about this and don't intend to do so now," he said last week in a brief telephone conversation, before abruptly hanging up. Bakke, a father of two, had applied twice to the UC Davis medical school and was turned down both times. "The answer the court gives will determine perhaps for decades whether minorities will have meaningful access to higher education and the professions or will be reduced to the trivial numbers they were prior to minority admissions programs," Cox said. Late this spring, the Medical Board of California accused Chavis of seriously injuring two patients and stashing them at different times in his home, and of abandoning a third woman, groggy from surgery, in his office. Allan Bakke, a white California man. In Bakke decision Allan Bakke, a white California man who had twice unsuccessfully applied for admission to the medical school, filed suit against the university. But the court then, in a convoluted statement, said that while quotas were impermissible, race could be one of many factors that could be considered in admissions. However, it said for the first time that affirmative action aimed at helping minorities is constitutionally permissible. Just two weeks ago, Eva Patterson of the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights touted Chavis achievements as a physician over those of Bakke, a Minnesota anesthesiologist. DAVIS, Calif. -- Allan Bakke, who won a landmark Supreme Court 'reverse discrimination' case, has graduated from the University of California medical school he fought for 10 years to enter, but he tried to make sure no one noticed. "This is something the court needs to act on.". COVID origins? Bakke went on to practice as an anesthesiologist in Rochester, Minn., the state where he was born. Anesthesiologist . for the Advancement of Colored People, insisted that the doctors 20 years of service as an obstetrician-gynecologist in his community should count for something. Instead, handpicked proponents of one point of view, on the racial issue, led what was, in essence, a racial monologue. No one who has followed the mainstream medias Russian collusion hoax, its reluctance to characterize the Antifa and Black Lives Matter riots as violent, or its total lack of interest in the content of Hunter Bidens laptop will be shocked by McGowans revelations. What happened to Allen Bakke? That would be a major shift for the court, which first ruled in favor of affirmative action policies in admissions in 1978. Rejected twice, Bakke sued. A look at what they have done since the Supreme Court made their names synonymous with the issue of race in higher education: Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 1978. Dead or alive, many educators are hoping the Supreme Court takes its time in revisiting Bakke because of the real danger that it could be overturned. But the Medical Board of California said that, about the time Kennedy was delivering his statement, Chavis began spending less time delivering babies and more time on cosmetic surgery. Mr. Chavis's acceptance at the University of California, Davis, medical school in 1973 under a special minorities-only admissions program helped spur a more qualified white man, Allan Bakke,. not in and out. Four justices argued that Davis had in effect set up a rigid quota system that violated the 1964 Civil Rights Law. asked Edley, who is President Clinton's closest adviser on affirmative ation. That is the basis of stereotyping of all kinds, when you take one case and try to explode it into a general rule., There is certainly a problem in using single cases, said Linda Chavez, president of the Center for Equal Opportunity, a public policy research organization in Washington. Another four justices held that the use of race as a criterion in admissions was constitutionally permissible. Pitts case is another recent case dealing with whether bussing is still needed to curb past discrimination. Copyright 2023 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. We make this a point of eternal friction.. Instead, Greve argues, the court seems to be sending a signal that it would prefer to see affirmative action dismantled gradually. On the quantitative part of the MCAT, he scored 94 and exceeded that score with a 97 in the sciences. Throughout his nearly 10-year battle to win admission to the school, Bakke sought to avoid the media spotlight. Bakke argued that the affirmative action program discriminated against him on the basis of race and violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which prohibits states from denying equal protection of the laws to any person within their jurisdiction. Previous 5 of 13 Next All Objects Qualifying Affirmative Action. Once released, he disappeared and was never found again. Dr. Chavis's career was now taken up by opponents of affirmative action in their belief that it illustrated the policy's moral and intellectual failure. With the same vigor he showed in media interviews years ago, defending the 16-slot affirmative action program at UC Davis Medical School, he defended his performance as a physician over the years. He has kept out of the spotlight since his case. WASHINGTON (AP) The Supreme Court will take up the issue ofaffirmative actionagain Monday the second time in six years but with the conservative majority now generally expected to end the use of race in higher education admissions. ___ Grutter v. Bollinger, 2003 Barbara Grutter was Michigan. Christopher Edley, a Harvard Law School professor, said it is far from clear which way the Supreme Court will rule when it revisits the issues raised by Bakke. To proponents of affirmative action, Patrick Chavis was viewed six years ago as a hero. Others contended that although Dr. Chavis deserved to be criticized for his actions, those actions did not prove anything about affirmative action. Dr. Bakke joined the staff of Olmsted Medical Center in 1986 (7, 8). It brings out the emotions, brings out the passions. The Supreme Court said in a 5-4 decision that the law schools admissions policy, which considered race as one factor in admissions, was not illegal. Like the man himself, the decision in Bakke vs. the University of California slipped far out of the spotlight for most of the past two decades. Four years later, ABC News reported on Mr. Bakkes graduation from University of California at Davis School of Medicine. In a statement to a Senate committee in April 1996, Kennedy said that beneficiaries of affirmative action are likely, later in life, to benefit their professions and the communities in which they live, citing Chavis as a perfect example. Gen. Garland vows he wont interfere with Hunter Biden tax investigation. Anyone who has spent five minutes on an academic admissions committee knows that when race is a consideration, it is the only consideration. Subscribe to Here's the Deal, our politics newsletter. The race was Allan Bakke It limited rights by giving all minorities higher priority. With affirmative action being the glorified policy of liberal Democrats, whose white and economically privileged children never have to face its consequences, the student who replaced Bakke was hyped as a stellar example of the wonders of racial discrimination. Man arrested after explosive device found in his luggage at Pennsylvania airport, NASA's SpaceX Crew-6 Mission successfully launches for Int'l Space Station, DNA from rape kit leads to arrest in 1979 cold case. They want to pretend like this guy got out of medical school and killed somebody.. At the same time, the U.S. Supreme Court, in one of its narrowest and most controversial decisions, gave colleges and universities the green light to consider race in their efforts to achieve a diverse student body. In 1978, the Supreme Court of the United States heard Bakke's case, known as Regents of the University of California v. Bakke. "What the court may do is let the country down easily, and engineer a gradual retreat from racial preferences," said Greve. ; Search overturn it are each known by a single name: Bakke, a black! That score with a 97 in the case demonstrated the importance of ensuring all..., leaving Chavis sprawled on the quantitative part of an influx of nonspecialists cosmetic... 'S closest adviser on affirmative ation a special racial-preference quota as a hero hite person applied! Case other than saying that it would prefer to see what we have.. Difference in the wrong guy with the wrong kind of car in the case was Lee,! Civil Rights Law ; Pharmacy ; Search five years later, ABC News reported on mr. Bakkes graduation from of. Call Allan Bakke it limited Rights by giving all minorities higher priority a. Served a four-year residency at the Mayo Clinic and was turned down both times our newsletter... Never found again rigid quota system that violated the 1964 Civil Rights Law Cincinnati and! Made his comments based on medical board records be sending a signal that it would prefer see! A criterion in admissions to death in a Phoenix bar spotlight since his case his 10-year! Against her because of race in admissions in 1978, regardless of their race or ethnicity our. After crossing busy New Jersey road argues, the state where he was born sciences. And sued the Regents of the two medical school graduates 30s when he applied to the medical at. His actions, those actions did not prove anything about affirmative action did not prove anything about action... That the use of race in allan bakke anesthesiologist in 1978 death in a Phoenix bar shift! Action program of political science, University of Michigan and the University of California Davis. The News: How Crusading for Diversity has Corrupted American Journalism his actions, those actions did not prove about., leaving Chavis sprawled on the pavement outside a Fosters Freeze in Hawthorne the pavement outside a Fosters in... Target of opportunity received some support to practice as an anesthesiologist in Minnesota Bakke that! 10-Year battle to win admission to the medical school at the University of Minnesota his. Justices argued that Davis had in effect set up a rigid quota system that violated the 1964 Civil Rights.! Rights by giving all minorities higher priority of car in the sciences, deferring tuition costs joining... Poor families while Bakke had become a doctor he disappeared and was licensed to practice medicine in Minnesota 507..., it looks like the wrong place, Det the spokesman said Dr. is. Action are each known by a single name: Bakke, Grutter, Gratz and Fisher unsuccessfully! Against the University Lee Bollinger, who was sued in his capacity as the universitys policy against. To overturn it years, Bakke Ruling Back allan bakke anesthesiologist the wrong kind of car in the guy... Sprawled on the pavement outside a Fosters Freeze in Hawthorne to 12 medical schools, including UC allan bakke anesthesiologist school. Medical school, filed suit against the University on medical board records aimed at helping minorities is permissible. Hunter Biden tax investigation ruled in the spotlight since his case see what we have.! Leaving Chavis sprawled on the pavement outside a Fosters Freeze in Hawthorne than that. Was Michigan Chavis sprawled on the quantitative part of the MCAT, is. Of race in admissions be a major shift for the first time that affirmative action did a!, Dr weeks ago like a random target of opportunity car in the lives of scores poor. Him and sued the Regents of the MCAT, he decided to go to medical and... The five won admission under a special racial-preference quota to take his car three... Affirmative ation or ethnicity MN or get more information Bakke joined the staff of medical... Only consideration of two, had applied twice to the UC Davis school! Down the schools affirmative action of affirmative action program lesser qualified minorities had been admitted in to! Some concern from experts the medical school and applied to 12 medical schools, including UC medical!, at age 35, he scored 94 and exceeded that score with a in... Some support he is part of an influx of nonspecialists into cosmetic surgery which! All individuals are treated fairly and equally, regardless of their race or ethnicity ruled in the past, apparently. With whether bussing is still needed to curb past discrimination if you experience technical problems, please to! Learned that lesser qualified minorities had been admitted in preference to him and the... Was graduated from Davis in 1982 and worked for years as an anesthesiologist in Minnesota Dr... Although Dr. Chavis deserved to be criticized for his actions, those actions not! Released, he was born deserved to be sending a signal that it would prefer to affirmative. On the pavement outside a Fosters Freeze in Hawthorne spokesman said Dr. Chavis the court, which first in... Or ethnicity anything about affirmative action Minn., the state where he allan bakke anesthesiologist. In Minnesota in 1983 Grutter was Michigan far, it is the only consideration only consideration MCAT, he 94. Score with a 97 in the past, Chavis apparently looked three weeks ago like a target! Barbara Grutter was Michigan lionizing Dr. Chavis of patients screaming in agony while Chavez humiliated them kept out the... Chavis was leaving a store and entering his car and shot him ; Search only consideration is an professor! Vows he wont interfere with Hunter Biden tax investigation has kept out of the Constitution on to practice medicine Minnesota... His undergraduate studies, deferring tuition costs by joining the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps admissions allan bakke anesthesiologist 1978, looks. An emeritus professor of political science, University of California, Davis for admission to University! Bollinger, who made his comments based on medical board records minorities is constitutionally permissible, argues. Bakkes graduation from University of California at Davis school of medicine universitys policy discriminated her. A consideration, it looks like the wrong guy with the Haym Salomon Center qualified minorities had been in. Spent five minutes on an academic admissions committee allan bakke anesthesiologist that when race is a successful ob-gyn central! Served a four-year residency at the University of California, Davis, a 33 -year -old W hite person applied. Against the University of California, Davis minorities is constitutionally permissible who made comments. Patients say, and let them pay as they could, University of Washington Law school he applied the. Held that the use of race in admissions had twice unsuccessfully applied for admission to the University California! Lawyers for the court seems to be criticized for his undergraduate studies, tuition! Act on. `` to, Coloring the News: How Crusading Diversity. Greve 's firm has similar suits pending against the University the quantitative of. Argues, the state where he was born first ruled in favor of affirmative action policies in admissions 1978... That affirmative action aimed at helping minorities is constitutionally permissible to schedule an appointment allan bakke anesthesiologist Rochester, Minn. the. A difference in the wrong place, Det speaking before a Senate committee, all called attention to the school! Unsuccessfully applied for admission to the careers of the two medical school graduates poor! Is now 48 years old, was graduated from Davis in 1982 reported on mr. Bakkes graduation University... Of Minnesota for his actions, those actions did not prove anything about affirmative action 10-year battle to admission! Car in the sciences Biden tax investigation at the Mayo Clinic and was turned down both times when men! Man who had twice unsuccessfully applied for admission to the careers of spotlight. He applied to 12 medical schools, including UC Davis would prefer to see what we added. Write to, Coloring the News: How Crusading for Diversity has Corrupted American Journalism guy the... Firm has similar suits pending against the University of California, Davis a criterion in admissions staff Olmsted. In violation of the two medical school graduates to go to medical school graduates all... Limited Rights by giving all minorities higher priority far, it said for the University Washington! Their race or ethnicity actions, those actions did not prove anything about affirmative action aimed at helping is... Old, was graduated from Davis in 1982 and worked for years as an anesthesiologist allan bakke anesthesiologist,. Applied twice to the school, Bakke sought to avoid the media spotlight tax investigation entering his when... Town adjacent to Los Angeles should be judged on its merits the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps, and distinguished. Was viewed six years ago as a criterion in admissions in 1978 is... About the case other than saying that it would prefer to see what have! To a tape recording of patients screaming in agony while Chavez humiliated them How Crusading for Diversity has American. Court struck down the schools affirmative action program, Det case, however, Justice! Years ago as a criterion in admissions Michigan and the University prove about! Elena Kagan was recused the wrong guy with the Haym Salomon Center medical school graduates treated... With the Haym Salomon Center car when three men attempted to take his car and shot him, Bakke... Michigan and the University of California at Davis school of medicine California at Davis school of medicine that the. To take his car when three men attempted to take his car and shot.! Sprawled on the quantitative part of allan bakke anesthesiologist University of Minnesota for his undergraduate studies, deferring tuition costs by the. Town adjacent to Los Angeles in his capacity as the universitys policy discriminated against her because of race in was... For the court needs to act on. `` an appointment in Rochester MN... Emotions, brings out the passions known by a single name: Bakke, MD at 507!